These four letters share a similar base shape to the letter Yaa (ي) and are distinguished by the number and placement of dots.
ب (Baa) – one dot bellow - /b/
ن (Nun) – one dot above - /n/
ت (Taa) – two dots above - /t/
ث (Thaa) – three dots above - /th/, which can also be pronounced and transcribed as an /s/ or pronounces, trasncribed and directly written in Arabic as a /t/ (ت). Wheter it is pronounced with its original /th/ sound or as an /s/ ot a /t/ depends on the accent of the speaker and the word.
All these letters are dual-joining which means they connect to both the preceding and following letters in a word. These are their different forms:
| End | Middle | Beginning | Isolated | Sound | Letter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ـب | ـبـ | بـ | ب | /b/ | Baa |
| ـت | ـتـ | تـ | ت | /t/ | Taa |
| ـث | ـثـ | ثـ | ث | /th/ or /t/ - /s/ | Thaa |
| ـن | ـنـ | نـ | ن | /n/ | Noun |
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